Cecil Roth, (London, 1899–1970) was a British Jewish historian and educator.

He was educated at Merton College, Oxford (Ph.D., 1924) and returned to Oxford as reader in Jewish Studies from 1939 to 1964. Thereafter he was visiting professor at Bar-Ilan University, Israel (1964–1965), and at the City University of New York (1966–1969).

He was editor of Encyclopedia Judaica from 1965 until his death. His works number over 600 items, including histories of the Jews in England (1941) and Italy (1946), A History of the Marranos (3d ed. 1966), The Jews in the Renaissance (1959), Jewish Art (1961), and The Dead Sea Scrolls (1965). His "History of the Great Synagogue [of London]" is available online at the Susser Archive.[1]